3/25/2020 0 Comments An Ergonomic Evaluation Of The Kinesis Computer Keyboard :: essays research papers An Ergonomic Evaluation of the Kinesis Computer Keyboard 1. Introduction      In this information-technology age, everyday tasks are more and more related to computer. That ranges from basic jobs such as providing food recipes for housewives to complicated ones such as analyzing laboratory experimental data for scientists and engineers. This popularity of computer means that the time one has to spend with computer would be a lot more than in the past. Until now, the computers and computer peripherals in the market have been made according to the same design as the ones invented decades ago when computers are used only in large-scale scientific projects or big corporations. That means for most people the ergonomic value of these products obviously was not taken into account when designing them. Fortunately, at the moment, more companies are trying to change the way people work with computer by marketing a number of ergonomic products most notably keyboard, mouse and monitor. There are ergonomic keyboards, mice and monitors being released all the time. The reason why the focus is on these products is that they are the parts of computer one interfaces with the most while working with computer. The subject of whether these ergonomic keyboards, mice, monitors and other products really work attracts a lot of regular computer users. Thus, studies dedicated to it have been done. This report is based on one of the studies about an ergonomic keyboard from a manufacturer called Kinesis. This study looks not only on the effect of the keyboard on the users' body by mean of electromyographic activity but also on the learning rate of the users changing to this new style of keyboard. This is very useful since slow learning rate would lead to the decrease in effectiveness of work. Introduced in 1868 by Christopher Sholes, computer keyboard is still the primary data entry mode for most computer users. With the increase of computer, hence keyboard, usage at the moment, these problems of the keyboard users known as operator stress problems have developed. This is a kind of cumulative trauma disorders which is mainly caused by working excessively or repetitively with the same thing, keyboard, in this case, in the same position for a long period of time. This kind of disorder is considered to be the most expensive and severe one occurring in office environment. This leads to an amount of alternative designs introduced in the market with the main intention of reducing muscular stress required for typing. The reason why these designs have not yet replaced the old one is because of the familiarity of the
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1/13/2020 0 Comments Photography in the 19th Century Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsPhotography in the 19th Century - Term Paper Example This paper will argue that both aesthetics and social documentary were dominant natures of photography during the 19th century. It will first define aesthetics and documentary photography as primary terms for this paper. It will then show examples of photographs created by Fox Talbot and Jacob Riis, where each work would be dissected based on the mentioned natures of 19th century photography. At the turn of the 19th century, photography had developed into one of the most reliable medium to express modern art. Aesthetics became well appreciated because of the developments presented by photography. It explains man’s emotions towards art, beauty, creation and taste. With such emotions, the appreciation for aesthetics follows the study of sensory values (Zangwill, par. 1). Complexity was also intertwined with aesthetics as social change became a prevalent concern amongst photographers; hence the emergence of documentary photography. Documentary photography is a product of a fervent desire to let images tell a particular story. It implants upon the audience social consciousness which produces acts of persuasion for change (Curtis, 5). Both aesthetics and documentary natures are present within the photographs created by Fox Talbot and Jacob Riis. Fox Talbot was the known inventor of the calotype process – a dominant process of photography during the 19th century. ... The subjects who are in their coats portray the serious atmosphere exhibited by the photograph. Aesthetics can be derived in this picture by looking at the timely and classic form of photography created by Talbot. It is classic in the sense that the subjects of the photograph exhibit the upbringing of the society – male professionals act profoundly and dressed neatly in their suits or coats. Talbot’s piece is timely because, up to the present time where color and new forms of aesthetic techniques are observed in photography, the classic form of the picture is still well venerated and appreciated through its simple and monochromatic look. Complexity is derived from Talbot’s photograph by the implication created and intended by the photographer – a sense of modernity shown through the story contained within the picture. The photograph shows the subjects seriously preoccupied by setting the cameras they need for a photograph shoot. This story is not a definition of documentary photography in its sense. It doesn’t encourage the desire for social change or reform. However, it can still be classified as documentary because the picture transmits and shows a story of photography development and evolution. It, somehow, “documents†the improvements within the world of photography during the 19th century because the picture shows photographers inclined with improved pieces of equipment. Jacob Riis, on the other hand, shows the real nature of what documentary photography is. In his piece entitled Bandit’s Roost created in 1888, the photographer shows the social dilemma of poverty prevalent within the suburbs of the 19th century (see Figure 2). Aesthetic wise, Riis’ work is the same as Talbot’s photograph – it is
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